Dentist Clinics

The Coggins’ test is for a severe equine virus called equine infectious anemia (EIA). There is no vaccine or heal for EIA, which is likewise known as “swamp fever” because of the warm, wet regions of the United States in which it is more common.

There are three stages to EIA. The acute stage is when the horse shows the sensations or changes of the disease, which include fever; listlessness; swelling in the chest, belly or legs; and no appetite. Although, while the infection progresses, he may not show any sensations or changes at all, and it may take over a month for the horse to test positive on the Coggins’ test.

According to the Indiana State Board of Animal Health, amongst 30 and 50 percent of horses infected with EIA die within two to four weeks of showing firstborn symptoms.

Horses that survive the acute phase enter the chronic phase where they will have recurring sensations or changes of the sickness including weight loss, fever and anemia. Such horses may survive up to a year or more in this stage before at long last consenting reluctantly to the disease. While appearing healthful at a heap of times, horses may experience acute sequences again when underneath stress such as when faced with hot weather, hard work or other disease, according to the Indiana State Board of Animal Health.

EIA is transmitted to horses by insects such as deerflies and horseflies. It may also be transmitted to horses through instruments contaminated with infected blood such as needles or tattoo equipment.

Some horses may also be in the asymptomatic carrier stage where they do not show any signs of impairment of normal physiological function but will test positive on the Coggins’ test. But these horses may likewise experience acute sequences when stressed. The Indiana State Board of Animal Health notes that these horses in the asymptomatic carrier stage present the greatest risk to healthful horses in public gatherings like horse shows or clinics because they appear healthy.

Surviving horses are unable to wholly clear themselves of the virus and will stay infected for the rest of their lives, according to the Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory at Purdue University. Affective control of the disease depends on isolation of new, sick, untested or in a positive manner testing horses; hygiene with regard to needles and like instrumentation such as dental tools, fly control and identification of positive animals.

Horse owners are oftentimes required to submit a negative Coggins’ test in order to show, move to a new stable, trade their horse or transport their horse all over state lines. A negative Coggins’ test proves that your horse is safe to have around other healthful horses.

According to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) fact sheet on the EIA virus, it is the “first persistent virus for which antigenic drift was defined. (Antigenic drift is the virus’s capacity to change it is form sufficiently so that it is no longer vulnerable to existent antibodies.)”

To determine if a horse is negative on a Coggins’ test, a blood sample from the horse is tested for the presence of EIA antibodies. Antibodies are proteins formulated by the immune system that recognizes and helps fight contagions and other alien substances in the body. The antibody is specific to the EIA antigen (a alien substance causing an immune response).

The Coggins’ test was developed by Dr. Leroy Coggins, a veterinary virologist, in the 1970s. According to the Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory at Purdue University, the test has a 95% accuracy rate and is the most applied test for EIA even though other tests may be employed when the results are questionable or to assert diagnosis.

According to the USDA APHIS, the part of positives for the Coggins’ test has declined from “nearly 4 percent in 1972 to less than 0.01 percent in 2005.” The agency states that throughout history the disease was present particularly in “hot zones” such as Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Missouri, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, North and South Caroline, Virginia, Kentucky, amidst others. Recent figures show that the prevalence of EIA in the United States is roughly less than 8 in 100,000, according to the USDA APHIS.

Many states have dissimilar requirements with regard to handling horses positive for EIA. Because there is no heal for the disease, and a horse positive for it is a threat to healthful horses, some states require euthanasia. Others grant for very rigorous quarantine measures, where horses are got rid of from the herd and kept in a 200-yard buffer zone away from all other horses. Some require confinement to a screened stall. Isolated horses are to never have contact with with the rest of the herd again.

Though EIA is low in incidence in the United States, to reduce peril of horses being infected with EIA, the USDA APHIS recommends horseowners:

Never percentage needles amidst horses. Dispose of needles after each use.

Sterilize instruments exhaustively after each use.

Keep stables and area clean and drained to stay clear from attracting insects that disseminate the disease.

Use insect control such as insecticides.

Quarantine unhealthy, infected animals. Do not breed horses that have tested positive to EIA.

Quarantine all horse species that are new to your facility until you have a Coggins’ test.

Have the Coggins’ test result done and available for horse shows, fairs, and other places where animals co-mingle.

Follow state laws concerning EIA.

Dental Clinic East Tennessee

Before the movie, this is the novel that gave life to Hawkeye Pierce, Trapper John, Hot Lips Houlihan, Frank Burns, Radar O’Reilly, and the rest of the gang that made the 4077th MASH like no other place in Korea or on earth.

The doctors who worked in the Mobile Army Surgical Hospitals (MASH) for the duration of the Korean War were well trained but, like most soldiers sent to fight a war, too young for the job. In the words of the author, “a few flipped their lids, but most of them just raised hell, in a assortment of ways and degrees.”

For fans of the movie and the series alike, here is the initial version of that utterly corrupt football game, those martini-laced mornings and sexual escapades, and that unforgettable foray into assisted if not completed suicide–all as amusive and poignant now as they were before they became a share of America’s culture and heart.

• Amazon Sales Rank: #180917 in Books
• Published on: 1997-03-19
• Released on: 1997-03-19
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: .69″ h x 5.60″ w x 8.22″ l, .44 pounds
• Binding: Paperback
• 224 pages

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53 of 56 people found the following review helpful.
Ah’d purely love to see it angry.
By Charles Phelps
Richard Hooker’s M*A*S*H is quite a diverse book. It is part dramatic documentary on Korean War combat surgery and the remarkable achievements of the surgeons in spite of their lack of field training, the indequate medical facilities with which they had to work, and the sub-human conditions under which they had to perform miracles.

It is also an extremely broad farce. The human sacrifice of Shakin’ Sammy and the Jesus Christ personal appearance tour (actually a beer-swilling, half-naked, bearded Trapper John lashed to a crucifix) are a couple of examples of the exaggerated comic stylings.

This interspersing of drama and comedy makes this an interesting if somewhat unsual read and also makes it a perfect subject for dramatization. When it is in comedy zone, it is way out there. When it is in drama zone, it is quite serious. According to Hooker’s forward, the surgeons in a MASH were exposed to many extremes. With his writing style, Hooker has exposed us to extremes as well.

It is one of my favorite books and I highly recommend it to fans of either the movie or the TV series. The film captures more of the book’s bawdy, ribald spirit. The TV show captures more of the sentiment.

I also recommend “MASH: An Army Surgeon In Korea” by Otto F. Apel if you want the real story of what life in a MASH was. If you are a fan of the film/book/series and think you have an understanding of how rough it was back then, read this. It was a lot worse. An excellent read.

Add both of these books to your collection and then thank your lucky stars this isn’t 1951 and you are draft eligible.

16 of 16 people found the following review helpful.
The Finest Kind
By JenniDeere
Like the characters within the covers, Richard Hooker’s “MASH”, is not so much a work of art, but a piece of work and as dear Hawkeye is so fond of saying,”the finest kind”. This book proves the theory that “the book is better than the movie”, despite the fact that both the film and tv show were, perhaps, the best in their respective mediums. Put away your images from both and let Mr.Hooker take you to Korea. His prose is not the mystical, lyrical verse of some writers, but it is indeed a story, told masterfully. The characters are full of life, with enough kick to jump start your car, yet their wit is dry as the Sahara, just like the martinis served by the main characters, and prefered by the author himself. An easy read, if not an enjoyable one, that will make you laugh out loud and then, with a simple sentence, fill your mind’s eye with the violence and destruction of war on the often forgotten participants. You will never regret the time spent reading this novel, nor will youever forget what it is about.

9 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
Where It All Came From
By The JuRK
If you’re a fan of the film or the TV show, MASH, you’ll enjoy reading the original novel.

I thought the movie was brilliant (I actually think it’s better than the book) and I liked the TV show at first, until cast members started bailing out and were replaced by whining, “enlightened” characters who enabled Alan Alda to whine about the US Army and “War is Hell.” It would be akin to the Delta House from ANIMAL HOUSE organizing a peace rally or marching for civil rights. You get the idea.

You’ll see just how far off track the final seasons of the show went by watching the film and reading the original novel. MASH isn’t as well written or satirical as CATCH-22 (good book, disastrous film), but it stays funny and interesting and doesn’t overstay its welcome.

Actually, the more buffoonish (Henry Blake) and clownish (Frank Burns, “Hot Lips” Houlihan) characters come off as more real in the novel. I know the film and definitely the show tried to avoid references to the Korean War (because they wanted the war to represent any war, like Vietnam at the time of the film), but I appreciated the short references to the Korean battles and such in the novel.

If you’re a fan, check it out.

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